Manual materials handling, which includes the manual lifting, lowering, pushing, pulling or carrying of objects, is a common task in many workplaces and can lead to fatigue or injuries of the back, shoulders, neck, arms or other body parts.

Many injuries that happen from manually handling items are musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) that can result from:

gradual and cumulative wear and tear on the body due to repetitive manual handling of materials
a one-time exertion due to high forces (for example, lifting a heavy box) or awkward postures
Good ergonomic design of manual handling activities prevents these types of injuries.

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